ABSTRACT
Qua Iboe River estuary suffers from human activities such as agricultural, industrial and domestics activities. Using standard procedures comparative analysis of bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd, Zn, Cr, Cu) in gills and bones ofOrechromisniloticus showed; Gills; – Cd (0.380µgg-1)>Pb (0.298µgg-1) > Cr (0.190 µgg-1)> Cu (0.180 µgg-1)>Hg (0.045 µgg-1) > Zn (0.20 µgg-1) Bones; Zn (0.370 µgg-1) > Cd (0.312 µgg-1)>Pb (0.221 µgg-1)> Hg (0.034 µgg-1) > Cu (0.023 µgg-1) > Cr (0.019 µgg-1).
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Certification – – – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledgements – – – – – – – – iv
Abstract – – – – – – – – – – v
Table of contents – – – – – – – – – vi-viii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
- Background of the study – – – – – – – 1-2
- Objectives of the study – – – – – – – 2-3
- Scopes and Limitation – – – – – – – 3
- Definition of terms – – – – – – – – 3
- Heavy metals – – – – – – – – 3
- Gills – – – – – – – – – – 3
- Bones – – – – – – – – – 3
- Tilapia – – – – – – – – – 3
- Estuary – – – – – – – – – 4
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Biology of Orechromis niloticus – – – – – 5-7
2.2 Importance of Oreochromis niloticus – – – – – 7-8
2.3 Heavy metals contamination of aquatic system – – – 8
2.4 Accumulation factor (Transfer factors) – – – – 8-9
2.5 Selection of heavy metals and their toxicity – – – – 9
2.5.1 Cadmium – – – – – – – – – 9-10
2.5.2 Lead – – – – – – – – – – 10
2.5.3 Copper – – – – – – – – – 11
2.5.4 Zinc – – – – – – – – – 11-12
2.5.5 Chromium – – – – – – – – – 12
2.5.6 Mercury – – – – – – – – – 13
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Materials and Method – – – – – – – 14
3.1 Study Area – – – – – – – – – 14-15
3.2 Method – – – – – – – – – 16
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Results and Discussion – – – – – – – 17
4.1 Result – – – – – – – – – – 17
4.2 Discussion – – – – – – – – – 17-19
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation – – – – 20
5.1 Summary – – – – – – – – – 20
5.2 Conclusion – – – – – – – – – 20
5.3 Recommendation – – – – – – – – 21
References
