ABSTRACT
This project work deals with the construction of an object detector with an alarm system. An object detector is a device which detects or senses an object in motion within a specific range and motion detection is the action of sensing physical movement in a given area. The concept of this construction is on the detection of movement using passive infrared (PIR) sensor to trigger an alarm (Buzzer). The PIR sensor is a human body sensor because it is only activated when a human or animal walks past the sensor. The system is constructed in such a manner that as soon as the burglar or intruder walks past the sensor, the alarms would turn on, that is signal is sent into the buzzer as soon as it senses an object in motion. All objects with a temperature above absolute zero emit heat energy in the form of radiation. Usually this radiation isn’t visible to the human eye because it radiates at infrared wavelength, but it can be detected by electronic devices designed for such a purpose. The term passive in this instance refers to the fact that PIR devices do not generate or radiate any energy for detection purpose. They work entirely by detecting the energy given off by other objects. PIR sensors don’t detect or measure “heat” instead they detect the infrared emitted or reflected from an object.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Certification – – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledgements – – – – – – – – iv
Abstract – – – – – – – – – v
Table of Contents – – – – – – – vi
List of Tables – – – – – – – – ix
List of Figures – – – – – – – – x
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study – – – – – 1
- Statement of the Problem – – – – – 2
- Purpose of Study – – – – – – – 3
- Significance of Study – – – – – – 4
- Scope of the Study – – – – – – 5
- Definition of Terms – – – – – – – 5
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Theoretical Framework – – – – – – 8
2.2 Conceptual Framework – – – – – – 9
2.3 Related Empirical Studies – – – – – 11
2.4 Summary of Related Literature – – – – 17
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Construction Analysis – – – – – – 19
3.1.1 The Power Unit – – – – – – – 21
3.1.2 The Motion Sensor Unit – – – – – 22
3.1.3 Buzzer Alarm Section – – – – – – 23
3.2 Maintenance Required – – – – – – 23
3.3 Application Produced – – – – – – 23
3.4 Troubleshooting – – – – – – – 24
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Description of Component Parts – – – – 27
4.1.0 Relay – – – – – – – – – 27
4.1.1 Resistor – – – – – – – – 27
4.1.2 Capacitor – – – – – – – – 28
4.1.3 Variable Capacitor – – – – – – – 28
4.1.4 Diode – – – – – – – – 29
4.1.5 Zener Diode – – – – – – – 29
4.1.6 IC – – – – – – – – – 30
4.1.7 Transistor – – – – – – – – 30
4.1.8 Pyroelectric Sensor – – – – – – 30
4.2 Material Selection – – – – – – 31
4.3 Material Cost Analysis – – – – – – 32
4.4 Material Used for the Construction – – – – 32
4.5 Working Tools of the Project – – – – 33
4.6 Assembling and Finishing – – – – – 33
4.7 Testing and Result – – – – – – 33
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Summary – – – – – – – – 35
5.2 Conclusion – – – – – – – – 35
5.3 Recommendations – – – – – – – 36
5.4 Suggestions for Further Research – – – – 36
REFERENCES
