THE EFFECT OF OIL SPILLAGE ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND PLANT PERFORMANCE IN WARRI AREA.

THE EFFECT OF OIL SPILLAGE ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND PLANT PERFORMANCE IN WARRI AREA.

ABSTRACT

The effect of oil spillage and other industrial wastes on our environment have been a major concern in the Warri area. This write up provides a detailed study of oil spillage. It also contain an overview of soil composition and fertility in the Warri area. Finally this project highlighted the consequences of oil spillage on soil and crop performance in the Warri area. The effectiveness of various results obtained depends on the nature of oil, relative properties of the soil and soil environment. Also this work gives some possible control measures to check spillage.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     introduction                                                                                      1

1.1     The nature and consequences of environmental pollution                2

1.2     aim and objectives                                                                            3

1.3     statement of problem                                                              4

1.4     limitation of study                                                                            4

1.5     justification of study                                                               5

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     literature review                                                                      6

2.1     soil and its properties                                                              6

2.2     soil survey and soil particle size distribution in warri             8

2.3     oil spillage                                                                               10

2.4     causes of oil spillage                                                                11

2.4.1  Mechanical failure                                                                             12

2.4.2  Operational discharges                                                            12

2.4.3  Sabotage                                                                                  12

2.4.4  Natural hazards                                                                       12

2.4.5  Corrosion                                                                                13

1. effects of oil spillage on soil properties and crop performance         13
2. soil solution                                                                                      15
3. soil acidity                                                                               16
4. soil temperature and its effect                                                 16
5. soil fertility                                                                              18
   1. soil element                                                                             19

CHAPTER THREE

1. Methodology                                                                           21

3.1     materials                                                                                  21

1. Methods                                                                                  21
2. Laboratory analyses                                                                22
   1. Determination of soil ph                                                                   22
   2. Determination of organic carbon                                             22
   3. Determination of total – nitrogen                                            24
   4. Determination of calcium                                                                  25
   5. Determination of soil temperature                                           26
   6. Determination of alkalinity                                                     26
3. Study area.                                                                              27

CHAPTER FOUR

1. Experimental resultResults                                                                                    374.1.0 PH values                                                                                 374.1.1 Tack time determination                                                                    384.1.2 Solid and moisture contents                                                     38

   4.1.3 Wettability                                                                               38

   4.1.4 Storage life                                                                               39

   CHAPTER FIVE

   5.0     Discussion, conclusion and recommendations                       40

   5.1     Discussion                                                                              40

   5.2     Conclusion                                                                              42

   5.3     Recommendation                                                                     43

   Reference

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THE EFFECT OF OIL SPILLAGE ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND PLANT PERFORMANCE IN WARRI AREA.