EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON SOME BACTERIA AND MINERAL CONSTITUENTS OF RHIZOSPHERE OF DELONIX REGIA HOOK, A RESEARCH PROJECT TOPIC ON PLANT SCIENCE

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EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON SOME BACTERIA AND MINERAL CONSTITUENTS OF RHIZOSPHERE OF DELONIX REGIA HOOK, A RESEARCH PROJECT TOPIC ON PLANT SCIENCE

 

ABSTRACT

Crude oil spill is hazardous to soil and subsequently affects food production. Certain plants however tolerate and/or improve the mineral deficiency imposed by crude oil. Also, due to the ability of bacteria to degrade crude oil, plants that enhance the abundance of soil bacteria under pollution have been under investigation. The effects of crude oil on the bacterial count and mineral constituents of soil rhizosphere of Delonixregia were investigated. The effects of D. regia on total bacterial count and mineral constituents were tested. A total of 96 polythene bags were filled, each with 18 kg of soil. Four soil bags each containing a seedling of D. regia and four without seedling were polluted with 30 ml of crude oil. This was repeated using 150 ml and 750 ml of crude oil while the control was not polluted. The experiment was set up in 3 replicates in a completely randomized design. After one month, the soil bacterial count and mineral composition were analyzed using standard techniques. Bacterial analysis was repeated after the second and third month of pollution. Some vegetative parameters were taken before and after pollution. The results of the 1st and 2nd bacterial counts revealed a significant (P<0 .05=”” 150=”” 30=”” 3=”” 750=”” a=”” and=”” bacterial=”” but=”” compared=”” control.=”” count=”” crude=”” decrease=”” in=”” increase=”” ml=”” of=”” oil=”” results=”” soil=”” soils=”” sup=”” the=”” treated=”” with=””>rd count revealed significant (P<0 .05=”” bacteria=”” compared=”” control.=”” decrease=”” i=”” identified=”” in=”” include=”” polluted=”” soils=”” the=”” to=””>Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Proteus and Micrococcus species. Bacterial count was slightly higher in unvegetated soil than in the vegetated one. Polluted soil depicted a significant (P<0 .05=”” a=”” among=”” and=”” as=”” at=”” available=”” bacterial=”” between=”” but=”” by=”” calcium=”” capacity=”” carbon=”” cation=”” compared=”” concentration=”” contents=”” control.=”” count=”” crude=”” decrease=”” differences=”” different=”” duration=”” exchange=”” i=”” in=”” increase=”” influenced=”” levels=”” magnesium=”” matter=”” nitrogen=”” of=”” oil=”” organic=”” ph=”” phosphorus=”” pollutant=”” potassium=”” presence=”” reduced=”” significance.=”” significant=”” sodium=”” soil.=”” soils=”” the=”” there=”” to=”” treatments=”” unvegetated=”” vegetated=”” was=”” well=”” were=””>D. regia and some mineral constituents in the soil.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      INTRODUCTION

Crude oil is physically, chemically and biologically harmful to soil because it contains many toxic compounds in relatively high concentrations (Franco et al., 2004). Soil contamination can result in soil degradation, bring great loss to agricultural production and pose threat to human health (Lijuan, 2012). Crude oil spill is a common event in Nigeria especially in the Niger Delta areas of the country. Spills may arise from oil well drilling, production operations, transportation, refining, storage and marketing. It could also be from anthropogenic sources such as sabotage or accidental spills such as ruptured oil pipelines (Oberdorster and Cheek, 2000).

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EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON SOME BACTERIA AND MINERAL CONSTITUENTS OF RHIZOSPHERE OF DELONIX REGIA HOOK, A RESEARCH PROJECT TOPIC ON PLANT SCIENCE

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