EFFECTS OF LAND DEGRADATION ON AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES IN ETHIOPE EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF DELTA STATE, NIGERIA
DEDICATION III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS III
FOREWORD VI
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VII
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 UNDERSTANDING RURAL TRANSFORMATION 2
1.2 BIOENERGY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT 3
2 AGRICULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT IN SIERRA LEONE 6
2.1 AGRICULTURE, INCLUSIVE GROWTH, AND ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION 6
2.2 BOOSTING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SMALLHOLDER AGRICULTURE 7
2.3 PROMOTING FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN AGRICULTURE 9
3 THE MAKENI PROJECT 13
3.1 LEASING ARRANGEMENTS 14
3.2 ENGAGING WITH LOCAL COMMUNITIES 16
4 FIELD RESEARCH APPROACH AND FINDINGS 20
4.1 FIELD RESEARCH ELEMENTS 21
4.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN THE STUDY AREA 25
4.3 KEY CHANGE PROCESSES 30
5 INCREASING THE BENEFITS OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL FDI 35
5.1 IMPLICATIONS FOR RURAL LIVELIHOODS 35
5.2 OUTGROWER OPPORTUNITIES 37
5.3 THE ROLES OF THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS 38
5.4 EXPANDING ENERGY ACCESS 40
6 CONCLUSION: SEIZING OPPORTUNITIES 43
6.1 AN AGENDA FOR FURTHER INQUIRY 44
ENDNOTES 45
REFERENCES 48
ANNEX 1: SUMMARY OF INTERVIEWS 54
ANNEX 2: HOUSEHOLD SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE (2014 VERSION) 57
ANNEX 3: FIELD RESEARCHERS TRAINING MANUAL 62