CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It has been thirty-nine years since the first group of professionally qualified accountants came into existence in Nigeria under the name “the association of accountants in Nigeria” this association was absorbed by our institute created by an act of parliament No 15 of 1956 which came into force on 1st of September 1965. the institute has over 17,000 member and 90,000 student on its register presently. The institute of chartered accountant of Nigeria (ICAN) is the only professional accountancy body in Nigeria and its qualification which allows it members to call themselves chartered accountant is recognized around the world as a prestigious business qualification. The institute has a laid down of the duties and objective such as to determine what standards of knowledge and still are to be airmed by person seeking to become member of the accountancy profession and rising those standards form time to time as circumstance may permit to ensure that they meet international standards to secure in accordance with the pension of the act.
The establishment and maintenance of fellows associates and registered accountants entitled to practice as accountants and auditors and public form time to time lists of those persons. Also to perform through the council of the institute all other function conferred on it by the act. In other to determine standard the ruling I governing body of the institute called the council set out subject which are considered essential and which must be thoroughly assimilated by any prospective member. To test a through group of this subject it involves level one level two the intermediate level final level part one and final level part two. The examination procedure later changes to foundation examination professional examination I(P.EI) professional examination II (PEII) and professional examination III (P.EIII) Now it has been changed to foundation I foundation 2 intermediate professional examination I and professional examination II On the issue of obtaining the skill or practice if was formally required that a prospective matter enter into an articles of clerkship with principal in a public practice or work as an approved student under an accountant in public practice.
However the need for adequate supervisor led to the introduction of the recognized training center (RTC) such as companies have training facilities and all firms of practicing accountant with at least one full-time practitioner. This policy has sometime relaxed for now as more and more institute are awarded recognized training center in status. Further the institute in now generally believed to be playing a positive and direct role in the training of future accountants considering the numerous achievement attributed to them such as the creation of second tier membership (accounting techniques) to cater for the middle cadre level. The primary aim of this these therefore is to test the validity of this claim and to find is in actual fact ICAN is having a considerable impact on the standards attained by Nigeria accountants
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
For the purpose of this research work I have decided to find out among other things the followings: i. If the standard used in setting ICAN question is responsible for the competence of those who qualify as chartered accountant of Nigeria. ii. If the those are qualified accountant in Nigeria posses a high qualify over those who are yet to pass the examination. iii. If the possession or non- possession of ICAN certificate affecting remuneration of Nigeria account. iv. If there is the necessity of having another accounting body in Nigeria. v. If in the nearest future the institute will be able to ensure that the federal government appoints qualified accountants to serve as accountant general of the federation as well as in other accounting position in government
