AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE IMPACT OF COMMUNITY POLICING AS A STRATEGY FOR CRIME PREVENTION AND CONTROL

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AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE IMPACT OF COMMUNITY POLICING AS A STRATEGY FOR CRIME PREVENTION AND CONTROL  (ENGLISH AND LINGUISTIC PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS)

 

ABSTRACT

In Nigeria and many other countries of the world, the challenges of the traditional policing model here generated interest towards the concept of commonly policing as a better policing alternative. The main trust of this research work is to examine the effects of community policing in crime prevention and control, investigate how this concept improves neighbourhood security condition, to investigate how this concept helps to build better relationship between the police and the resident, to examine ways that this concept can transform the police and best practice option for policing. In this study, the primary data (closed-ended questionnaire) and secondary data such as books, journal, articles and newspapers were used to obtain data. The study population is Ado/Odo Ota L.G.A residents and the police officials, of which the sample size for the study is three hundred and twenty (320) and then random sampling method was used to select them from the sixteen (16) wards. These data were analyzed with the use of simple frequency distribution and percentage (%) method. It was discovered that there is obvious systematic inadequacies that greatly impaired the genuine implementation of community policing. For example the lack of proper training of police officials. Poor funding, poor police public relations and corruption. Some suggestions where proffered.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

Every society applies certain rules and regulations made by the legislature that contains sanctions for violation, which order the behaviors of persons, bodies, organization and society in general. Society rewards certain behaviours and the same society inflicts sanctions upon negative behaviours, people are discouraged in one way or the other from engaging in acts that the society frowns at.

In other to foster compliance, commitment, conformity and consensus, which are fundamental prerequisite of social order, most government including that of Nigeria usually employ specially trained people called police to checkmate disorder in the society. It is based on this background that it can be said that the police force helps to observe, fortify and stabilize the prevailing social order in the areas of law and order (Hess and Wrobleski, 2003). In other words organizations like the police are established in society for appropriate maintenance of rules and regulations, so as to eradicate crime or reduce crime. The police are most visible institution of the criminal justice system. Greater parts of citizens come in regular contact with the police than any other criminal justice institution. This makes the police to be the visible presence of the state in civil society (Jewkes and Letherby, 2002).

In a strict legal definition, however, a crime is a violation of the criminal law, which is subsequently followed by legal punishment. It is an act of omission, which attracts sanctions such as fine, imprisonment, or even death (Dambazua, 1999).

In modern societies, behaviours that are considered inimical to the interest of members of the society are embodied in the criminal code. Act or behaviours that violate the criminal laws of a country are referred to as crime. Tappan (1996) define crime as “an intentional act in the violation of the criminal law (statutory and case law) committed without defense or excuse and is penalized by the state as felony or misdemeanor”. Clinard (1986) also defined crime as “any act that is socially injurious and is punished by the state, regardless of the type of punishment” (Ozo-Eson, 2010:102).

Crime has always been perennial and universal problem of all societies in all ages. It blight or afflicts the society, eating away at the fabric of a nation. Life is impoverished for many by anxiety and fear as result of crime. The by-product of crime, beyond actual physical or material, loss, is fear. For many crime victims, it is the most burdensome and lasting consequence of their victimization. The fear of crime has many detrimental consequences. It makes people vulnerable and isolated, it reduces a person general sense of well being, and it also contributes to neighbourhood decline. The people most fearful to crime are the people most vulnerable to crime. These days, experts are asking whether most crimes could not be prevented in the first place, and are developing techniques and programmes designed to do just that. Society needs to be able to punish criminals, but it is equally important that would be criminals find it difficult to offend at all. For the disease of crime is better prevented than to be cured (Kerrigan, 2003).

What actually constitutes a crime and how seriously it should be regarded, defers extremely from one society to another. Perception of crime are not determined by any objectives pointers of the degree of harm or damages but by cultural values and power relations (Dambazua, 1999).

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AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE IMPACT OF COMMUNITY POLICING AS A STRATEGY FOR CRIME PREVENTION AND CONTROL  (ENGLISH AND LINGUISTIC PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS)

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