USING OF OIL PALM FIBER AS AN ADDITIVE IN CONCRETE
ABSTRACT
This study on strength development of concrete quality and properties using oil palm fiber was carried out to enhance and improve the quality and properties of concrete by using additive. Additive is substances added to fresh concrete to typically improve its properties. The research was conducted to establish the effect of oil palm fiber addition on workability, density and compressive strength of concrete. The mixes were prepared with fiber cement ratio of 0%, 0.25%, 0.50% and 1.0% respectively. A total of 16 concrete cubes. Specimens of 150mm X 150mm X 150mm were prepared for compressive strength testing after been cured in water for 7 days and 28 days. Workability of the concrete decreased with the increase in fiber content added to the mix. The result of density test shows that the highest density of 2.97g/cm3 was achieved when 0.25% fiber was added. Test results of compressive strength on concrete also demonstrated that of 19.6 N/mm2 and 25.65 N/mm2 addition of 0.25% fiber content to concrete gave the highest compressive strength. The compressive strengths with the addition of 0.25% fiber content gave higher values than the control mixes of both 7 days and 28 days. It is therefore recommended that 0.25% fiber can be added to concrete mix.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATION
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PROBLEM OF THE STUDY
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
1.3 OBJECTIVES
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 DEFINITION OF WASTES
2.2 SOURCES OF SOLD WASTES
2.3 COMMERCIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL WASTES
2.4 INDUSTRIAL SOLID WASTES
2.5 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL HAZARD OF SOLID WASTES
2.6 WATER POLLUTION FROM SOLID WASTES
2.7 SOURCES OF WATER
2.8 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER
2.9 EFFECT OF RAIN WATER ON UNDER GROUND WATER
2.10 COLOR DETERMINATIONS
2.11 TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID WASTES (TSS) TOTAL DISSOIVED SOLID WASTES (TDS)
2.12 TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLID WASTES (TDS)
2.13 DISSOIVED OXYGEN (DO)
2.14 TYPE OF WASTES AND ITS CONSTITUENTS
2.15 SOLID WASTES EFFECT AND CONTROL ON UNDERGROUD WATER.
2.16 TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTES
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 PHYSICAL OBSERVATION OF THE STUDY AREAS
3.2 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA ANALYSIS
4.1 METHOD OF LABORATORY TESTS ON PH, TEMPERATURE, CONDUCTIVITY, ALKALINITY, TOTAL HARDNESS, CHLORINE AND BACTERIOLOGICAL TEST OF THE WATER SAMPLE.
4.2 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
5.3 APPENDICES
5.4 REFERENCES
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USING OF OIL PALM FIBER AS AN ADDITIVE IN CONCRETE
