PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SACHET WATER IN ABA

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Water is an essential part of human nutrition. It is required for the maintenance of personal hygiene, food production and prevention of diseases (Adegokeet al. 2012). A reliable supply of clean wholesome water is highly essential in a bid to promoting healthy living amongst the inhabitants of any defined geological region (Dada, 2009). Water is one of man’s priceless resources but it is generally taken for granted until its use is threatened by reduced availability and/or quality. Water is not only essential for life; it also remains an important source of disease transmission (Mbah and Muhammed, 2015) and infant mortality in many developing countries.

Edema et al., (2011) also described water as a key parameter influencing survival and growth of microorganisms in foods and other microbial environments.

Most potable water in Nigeria comes from three sources, which include rainwater, surface water and ground water.  Similarly, Okeriet al. (2009) noted that most of the water consumed in Nigeria is obtained from rainwater, lakes, rivers, springs, streams and ground water including boreholes and private wells which do not always produce pure water due to the presence of different contaminants.  In many developing countries, availability of potable water has become a critical and urgent problem and it is a matter of great concern to families and communities depending on Nonpublic water supply system (Okonkwo et al., 2008). Increase in human population has exerted an enormous pressure on the provision of safe drinking water in developing countries (Ibemesim, 2014). Most people living in the major cities of Nigeria do not have access to pipe borne water, probably due to its unavailability and/or inadequacy where obtainable (Omaluet al. 2010).
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PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SACHET WATER IN ABA