ABSTRACT
Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil)is a member of the Lamiaceae family, belonging to the genus Ocimum. It is commonly found in the tropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Pacific Island where it is used both as a culinary and medicinal herb. This research, carried out the phytochemical screening of ethanolic extracts of ocimum basilicum leaves using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques. The GC-MS analysis identified thirty-six (36) compounds. The compounds consisted of high amounts of Maltol (9.42%) 2-pyrazoline,1isopropyl-5-methyl (9.21%), Quinoline-3-methyl (9.10%) Pentadecanoic acid (8.84%), Alpha Ergosterol (7.22%), Docosanoic acid (7.15%), Caryophyllene(6.12%), Coumaric acid (5.86%), and Germacrene D (5.20%). These phytoconstituents possess different biological activities which are possibly responsible for the industrial and pharmacological effects often attributed to Ocimum basilicum. Thus ocimum basilicum is recommeded as a potential therapeutic agent.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE i
CERTIFICATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF TABLES x
LIST OF PLATES xi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
- Background of study 1
- Statement of problem 4
- Aim of study 5
- Objective of the study 5
- Scope of study 6
- Justification of study 6
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Biological/ morphological description of Ocimum Basilicum 7
2.2 Taxonomy of Ocimum Basilicum 9
2.3 pharmacological properties of Ocimum Basilicum 9
2.3.1 Anti-microbial activities of O. basilicum 10
2.3.2 Anti-oxidant activities of Ocimum basilicum 11
2.3.3 cardiac stimulant effect of O. basilicum 12
2.3.4 Hypoglycemic effect of O. basilicum 12
2.3.5 Hypolipidemic effect of O. basilicum 13
2.3.6 Insecticidal activity of O. basilicum 13
2.3.7 Inhibitory effect of o. basilicum on platelet aggregation 14
2.3.8 Wound healing effect of o. basilicum 14
2.4 Toxicity of o. basilicum 15
2.5 phytochemical constituents of o. basilicum 16
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Materials 17
Apparatus and Reagents used
3.2 Instrumentation 17
3.3 Methods 17
Collection and identification of plant material
3.4 Preparation of plant materials 18
3.5 Extraction of plant materials for GC-MS analysis 18
3.6 Gas chromatography mass spectrometry procedures 18
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS
4.1 Table 2 21
4.2 Structures of some chemical compounds present in O. basilicum 22
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION
5.1 Discussion 24
5.2 Conclusion 30
REFERENCES 31