ABSTRACT
The phytochemical screening of Carica papayaseed was carried out using standard analytical procedure. The result reveals that flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid were present in moderate concentration while saponin and cardiac glycosides were present in trace amount. Hence the plant is recommended for therapeutical purpose.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENTS PAGE
Title Page – – – – – – – – i
Certification – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledgements – – – – – – iv
Abstract – – – – – – – – vi
Table of Contents – – – – – – –
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION – – – 1
- Background of the Study – – – – – 1
- Aim and Objectives of the Study – – – 3
- Aim of the Study – – – – – – 3
- Objectives of the Study – – – – – 4
- Scope and Limitation of the Study – – – 4
- Definition of terms – – – – – – 5
- Aim and Objectives of the Study – – – 3
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW – – 6
- Description of Carica papaya(Paw-paw) – – 6
- Origin and Distrribution of ofCarica papaya – 7
- General Characteristics and Uses of Carica papaya – 8
- Nutrient composition of Carica papaya – – 11
- Health Benefits of ofCarica papaya – – – 13
- Antifungal – – – – – – – 15
- Antimalarial activity – – – – – 15
- Antihelmenthic activity – – – – – 16
- Antimicrobial activity – – – – – 17
- Male antifertility – – – – – – 17
- Phytochemicals – – – – – – 18
- Alkalloids – – – – – – – 19
- Flavonoids – – – – – – – 20
- Saponins – – – – – – – 21
- Tannins – – – – – – – 22
- Phenols – – – – – – – 24
- Cardiac glycosides – – – – – – 25
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHOD – 29
- Collection of Sample in Analysis – – – 29
- Preparation and extraction of sample – – – 29
- Phytochemical Screening – – – – – 30
- Test for Alkaloids – – – – – – 30
- Test for Flavonoid – – – – – – 31
- Test for Saponin – – – – – – 31
- Test for Tannin – – – – – – 31
- Test for Phenol – – – – – – 32
- Test for Cardiac glycosides – – – – 32
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION – 34
- Results – – – – – – – 34
- Discussion – – – – – – – 36
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS – – – – – 39
- Conclusion – – – – – – – 39
- Recommendations – – – – – – 39
References
CHAPTER ONE:INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In recent years, the role and beneficial effects of many phytonutrients from plant sources such as fruits and vegetables had attracted much attention from food scientists as well as the public. These phytochemicals are natural antioxidant which frequently promoted due to the concerns regarding toxicity of the synthetic ones. Apart from free radical scavenging activity, antioxidants found from most of the plants possess antibacterial, antiviral, antimetastasis activity, antiulcer activity, antimutagenic, antiallergic and anticarciogenicity (Moure et al., 2001). Increasing numbers of studies on residual sources in replacing synthetic antioxidants with the natural ones are due to the augmented recycling interest of the agro-food industry. These are playing an important role in improving the complete utilization of the residual sources. The wastes or by-products from food processing such as seed and seed of some fruits contain higher source of potential antioxidant activities than that the edible portion (Okonogiet al., 2007).
