CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The pyrolysis organic high grade waste appeared like a more and more attractive way of solve the proliferation of these waste, especially during 1970-75 years.
Pyrolysis is the transformation of chemical compounds by heat without intervention of secondary reagents, (like oxygen). The chemical reactions are complex and transformed the waste into there fractions: solid, liquid, and cias
The pyrolysis method for recycling used tyros is a techniques, which heats whole or shredded rubber 13 softened after which the rubber polymers continuously breakdown into smaller molecules, these small molecules eventually vaporize and exit from the reactor. These vapors can be burned directly to produce power or condensed into an only type liquid, general used as fuel. Some molecules are too small to condense and they remain as solid. When performed well a tyre pyrolysis process is a very clean operation and has nearly no emission or waste. The properties of the gas, liquid and output are determined the type of feed stock used and the process conditions. For instance, whole types contain fibred and street. Slurred tyros have most of the steel and sometimes most of the fiber removed. The steel can be removed from the solid stream with magnets from recycling. The remaining solid materials often referred to as “charcoal”
Pyrolysis can be performed at relatively small scale and at remove locations which enhance energy density of the biomass resource and reduce transport and handling costs. Heat transfer is a critical area in pyrolysis as the pyrolysis process is endothermic and sufficient heat transfer surface has to be provided to meet process heat needs. Pyrolysis offer a flexible and attractive way of converting solid biomass into on easily stored and transported liquid, which can be successfully used for the production of heat, power and chemicals.
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Pyrolysis is the chemical decomposition of a condensed substance by heating in the absence of oxygen, and it is most commonly used for organic materials, called biomasses it occurs at various high temperatures for different kinds of biomasses. In shorts terms, pyrolysis used organic material and makes it into usable energy by heating at high temperature without oxygen.
Pyrolysis of biomasses results in blowhard and bio-oil. These are both usable energy sources they can be used as safe, environmental friendly fuel option. Pyrolysis also provides opportunity for the process of agriculture residence, wood waste and municipal solid waste into clean energy pyrolysis is often used in the chemical industry. It is used for example, to provide charcoal and activated carbon to turn waste into safety disposable substance, and to produce gasoline from hydrocarbon.
