ABSTRACT
Change in moisture content of soil also known as expansive soils leads to high shrinkage and swelling which if not appropriately treated may lead to the reduction of design life of civil engineering structures such as highways , railways etc. Because this soil trends to put a challenging task to civil engineers, attempt have been made by so many researchers in trying to proffer the solutions to this defect by experimenting in innovative ways with different materials that could possible improve the soil engineering properties , reduce environmental hazards and as well be very cost effective. Selected solid waste like quarry dust, bagasse ash , eggshell ash and sugarcane ash have been used for this purpose with different techniques like compaction test, atterberg limits and grain size analysis, however the aim of the paper is the structural analysis of the behaviour of expansive soil treated with selected solid waste based binders for foundation purposes.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Certification – – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledgements – – – – – – – iv-v
Abstract – – – – – – – – – vi
Table of Contents – – – – – – – vii-x
List of Tables – – – – – – – – xi
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of study – – – – – – 1-3
- Soil Stabilization – – – – – – 3
- Solid Waste – – – – – – – – 3-4
- Constitute of Solid Waste – – – – – 4-5
- Aim and Objectives – – – – – – 5
- Scope of the Study – – – – – – 5-6
1.6 Definition of terms – – – – – – 6-7
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1Â Â Â Stabilization of expansive Soil Using Industrial solid Waste-8
2.1.1 Fly Ash – – – – – – – – 8
2.1.2 Cement Kiln Dust – – – – – – 8-9
2.1.3 Silica Fume – – – – – – – 9
2.1.4 Cerami Dust – – – – – – – 9
2.1.5 Brick Dust – – – – – – – – 9-10
2.2 Stabilization of Expansive Soil using Agricultural
Solid Wastes – – – – – – – 10
2.2.1 Rice Husk Ash – – – – – – – 10-11
2.2.2 Bagasse Ash – – – – – – – 11
2.2.3 Groundnut Shell Ash – – – – – – 12
2.3 Stabilization of Expansive Soil using Domestic
Solid Wastes- – – – – – – – 13
2.3.1 Egg Shell Powder – – – – – – 13
2.4Â Â Â Stabilization of expansive soil using Mineral Solid Wastes –Â Â Â Â Â Â 13
2.4.1 Quarry Dust – – – – – – – 14
2.5 Mechanism of Stabilization – – – – – 14-14
2.5.1 Traditional Stabilizer – – – – – – 15-20
2.5.2 By- Product Stabilizers – – – – – – 20-23
2.5.3 Non-Traditional Stabilizer – – – – – 23
2.6 Soil Classification – – – – – – 24-27
2.7 Soil Properties – – – – – – – 27-29
2.8 Particle Size Distribution – – – – – 29
2.8.1 Collection and Preparation of Samples – – – 29-30
2.8.2 Grain Size Analysis and Size Distribution – – – 30
2.8.3 Attergerg Limits – – – – – – – 31
2.8.4 Shrinkage Limit – – – – – – – 32
2.8.5 Plastic Limit – – – – – – – 32-33
2.8.6 Liquid Limit – – – – – – – 33
2.9 Characteristic of Solid Waste – – – – 33
2.9.1 Properties of Solid Waste – – – – – 34
CHAPTER THREE
METHOD AND MATERIALS
3.1 Laboratory Investigation – – – – – 36-35
3.2 Soil Index Properties – – – – – – – 35-37
3.2.1 Sieve Analysis – – – – – – – 37-40
3.3 Atterberg Limit – – – – – – – 40-41
3.3.1 Liquid Limit Test – – – – – – – 41-52
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULT
4.1 Data Analysis and Result of SampleA – – – 53-57
4.1.2 Atterberg Limits – – – – – – – 57-61
4.1.3 Moisture-Density (Compacted) Test – – – 61-64
4.2 Treated with Quarry Test – – – – – 66
4.2.1 Grain Size Analysis – – – – – – 66-79
4.3 Grain Size Analysis – – – – – – 79
4.3.1 Treated with Bagasse Ash – – – – – 79-87
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Conclusion – – – – – – – – 88
5.2 Recommendations – – – – – – 89
References
Appendix/Appendices
