Teaching Young Children : An Introduction

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I Introduction to the Field 1 Overview of the Profession Essentials of Early Childhood Education The Scope of Early Childhood Education Funding: Who Pays for Early Education Teaching Young Children Professional Preparation of Early Childhood Caregivers Resources for Professional Development 2 Historical Contexts Historical Figures Influencing Early Childhood Education Events Influencing Early Childhood Education 3 Types of Programs The Montessori Program The High/Scope Curriculum The Behaviorist Approach The Bank Street Model The Reggio Emilia Program II Foundations 4 Understanding How a Child Develops and Learns The Developmentally Appropriate Classroom Key Perspectives on Learning and Development Children: Developmental Similarities and Differences Learning About Children 5 Play in Childhood Defining Play Why Children Play: Theories Cognitive Play Types Social Play Types Benefits of Play Facilitating Childhood Play 6 Guiding Young Children What Is Guidance? Recognizing Feelings and Understanding Emotions Guidance Strategies Guiding Routines Guiding Social Interactions Group Guidance Guidance for Children with Special Needs 7 Working with Parents, Families, and Communities Family Life Today Is Involvement Worth the Effort? Building Strong Two-Way Relationships Effective Communication Methods Factors Influencing Quality Involvement Parent–Teacher Conflicts Families of Children with Special Needs Connecting with the Community 8 Diversity and Young Children Diversity as an Essential Element Attitudes Toward Diversity Encouraging an Acceptance of Diversity Inappropriate Responses to Diversity Integrating Diversity Throughout the Curriculum English Language Learners Individuals with Special Needs Issues of Gender Equity Working with Families and the Community III Organizing for Instruction 9 Planning the Physical Environment: Indoors Planning Guidelines The Centers-Based Classroom Age-Related Considerations Selecting Equipment and Materials Creating an Inclusive Environment Changing the Physical Environment Health and Safety Issues 10 Planning the Physical Environment: Outdoors Importance of Outdoor Play Planning Guidelines Outdoor Play Areas Developmental Considerations Selecting Equipment and Materials Planning for Change in the Outdoor Environment Heath and Safety on the Playground Family and Community Involvement Committing to the Outdoor Environment 11 Activity Planning and Assessment Creating a Developmentally Appropriate Curriculum The Integrated Curriculum The Project Approach Scheduling Issues Assessment Involving Families IV The Curriculum 12 Enhancing Physical Development The Importance of Motor Skills Foundation for Physical Fitness The Components of Physical Development Teaching Physical Development Enhancing Physical Development Indoors Enhancing Physical Development Outdoors Teaching Children to Care for Their Bodies Working with Parents and Families 13 Supporting Emotional and Social Development Helping Children with Emotional Development Materials and Activities for Emotional Development Toward Social Competence The Social Development Curriculum Stress as a Factor in Social and Emotional Development Teachers’ and Caregivers’ Personal Development 14 Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies Learning Goals of the Cognitive Curriculum The Constructivist Approach Mathematics and Young Children Science Learning Young Children and Social Studies Integrating Cognitive Learning Throughout the Curriculum Familial Roles in Cognitive Development 15 Language and Literacy Learning Language Learning Literacy Learning Encouraging Family Involvement 16 Using the Creative Arts to Support Development and Learning What Is Creativity? The Young Artist Music and the Young Child Activities in Art and Music Creative Dramatics 17 Using Technology to Support Development and Learning Television and Young Children The Video Game Dilemma Can Computers Be Used in Developmentally Appropriate Ways? Selecting Computers and Software Programs Families and Technology References Author Index Subject Index