THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTER AIDED SYSTEM FOR MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ILLNESS A CASE STUDY OF UNTH ENUGU

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ABSTRACT

Technological trend in recent time’s nit nesses an appreciable decrease in hardware cost, implementation in microchip technology and a boost in the use of micro – computer’s in all ere as of human life. The health industry is among the sectors formed by the innovation, effected by the multiplicity of flexible, easy to use and interactive software packages tailor to meet the handicaps of the medical profession and to provide a relief of the human effort involved in the practice. This project report tend to describe computer base system of medical diagnosis the chemical feature of some common illness and their different treatment are distinguish able by the use of oral interview. This system interrogates a patient using the general principle and technology of chemical examination. With details of inference to the underlying diseases and recommendations for treatment. This study course only the diagnosis of such illness as feverish conditions that do not involve the service of a medical laboratory test such as malaria parasite, ealmoneilosis infections (typhoid) hepatitis upper respiratory track infections (URTI) and septicemia (infection of the blood with bacteria). The features and working principles of a typical expert – system are allied in the design and implementation of the system is a help to draw conclusion from the knowledge based. The information were extracted from different experts in medical profession. The analysis of the existing system was taken into consideration before the development of the software in other to ensure prompt and timely information and recommend treatment for the patient. The new system is very interactive and flexible and is capable of solving any medical diagnosis problem within the scope. A software was developed with Q basic as the language of the program is based on flexibility. Since the ultimate aim of this project as to design and diagnosis support system of artificial inteligate (A.I) that mimic the expertise doctor in clinical diagnosis.

ORGANIZATION OF WORK

This project work is divided into seven chapters.

Chapter one is a survey of the health industry, the medical profession with a brief exposure of their inherent handicaps that calls for allevation or present the problem that triggered the design of the system and the aims and objectives of the study.

In chapter two the researcher took a critical and conceive look on the literature review of the system and other work works that are lifted by other people in the medical field.

In chapter three traced the description and analysis of the existing system. The method of data collection, the problems of the existing system and justification for new system.

Chapter four is a details design of the computer aided system for diagnosis and treatment of illness stating its system requirement, the file design and the input / output specifications with appropriate illustration. The procedure and system flow chart.

Chapter five moved for the effective implementation of the designed system where the programs and pseudo code were discussed.

Chapter six talked about the appropriate documentation of the system and the user’s guide for efficiency.

Chapter seven summarizes the entire work as conclusion and fare recommendation and areas of further studies, moreso, the authors whose book were reference in this work are included in the references.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page                                                                                                       i          

Certification                                                                                                  ii

Approval                                                                                                       iii

Dedication                                                                                                     iv

Acknowledgement                                                                                       v

Abstract                                                                                                         vi

Organization of work                                                                                  vii

Table of content                                                                                           viii

CHAPTER ONE

1.0       Introduction                                                                                                  1

1.1       Statement of problem                                                                                  2

1.2       Aims and objectives                                                                                    2

1.3       Purpose of study                                                                                          3

1.4       Significant of study                                                                                     3

1.5       Scope/Delimitations                                                                                                4

1.6       Limitations/Constraints                                                                              4

1.7       Assumption of study                                                                                   5

1.8       Definition of terms                                                                                      5                     

CHAPTER TWO

2.0       Literature review                                                                                          6

CHAPTER THREE

3.0       Description and analysis of the existing system                                     9

3.1       Fact-finding method/ methodology                                                           9

3.2       Organisational Structure/Organogram                                                      10

3.3       Objectives of the existing system                                                             10

3.4       Input, Process, and Output Analysis                                                         11

            3.4.1   Input Analysis                                                                                  11

            3.4.2   Process Analysis                                                                              11

            3,4.3   Output Analysis                                                                               11

3.5       Information Flow diagram                                                                          12

3.6       Problems of the existing system                                                                12

3.7       Justification of the new system                                                                 13

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0       Design of the new system                                                                           14

4.1       Design Standard                                                                                           14

4.2       Output specification and design                                                                14

4.3       Input specification and design                                                                   14

4.3.1   file design                                                                                          15

4.4       Procedure chart                                                                                            16

4.5       Systems flowchart                                                                                        17

4.6       System requirements                                                                                   18

            4.6.1   Hardware Requirements                                                                 18

            4.6.2   Software Requirements                                                                   18

            4.6.3   Operational Requirements                                                              18

            4.6.4   Personnel Requirements                                                                 18

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0       Implementation                                                                                            19

5.1       Design Standard                                                                                           19

5.2       Program design                                                                                             20

5.2.1   Program Flowchart                                                                           20

5.2.2   Pseudo code                                                                                      24

5.3       Coding                                                                                                           25

5.4       Test Data/Test Run                                                                                      31

5.5       User Training – An overview                                                                     31

5.6       Cutover Process                                                                                           31

CHAPTER SIX

6.0       Documentation                                                                                             32

6.1       The user documentation                                                                             32

6.2       The programmer documentation                                                               32

CHAPTER SEVEN

7.0       Recommendations, Summary and Conclusion                                        33

7.1       Recommendation                                                                                         33

7.2       Summary                                                                                                       34

7.3       Conclusion                                                                                                    34

REFERENCES                                                                                                          35

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDIX                                                                                                                36

SOURCE LISTING                                                                                                   36

LIST OF FIGURES              

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                   INTRODUCTION

          The computer aided system for medical diagnosis and treatment of illness is analysis support system of artificial intelligence (A.I) that mimics the expertise of a specialized doctor in clinical diagnosis, incorporation the general principles and feelumics of chemical examination it interrogates patients utilizing bulleting rules to make unambisons inference to disease cases and causative factors of ailments, with the appropriate recommendations of therapy, management, prevention or details that will assist in a more specialized intervention. The development of those new systems is to ensure accuracy in the interpretation of illness and proper administration of the therapy / treatment to safeguard human lives.

          The subsections of this chapter will look of the health industry, the medical profession (especially from the aspect of training) with brief exposure to their handicaps that calls for alleviation / assistance.

          It also look at the extend to which this scheme is applied by the system.

          Nevertheless, the research believed that this project work and new system designed will assist in medical diagnosis since the efficiency and reliability of the system satisfactory.

  1. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

In every day medical practices, tares are instances when squtoms of an illness are misinterpreted by health officials and inference made to an unrelated disease, and terapy / treatment administered in this direction proves either harmful or non effective. This ugly trend could be attributed to much dependence on human sense for remedy and analysis of details about disease syntoms sign and characters.

Oral interview has a very important advantage as a method of clinical diagnosis.

It allows the physician opportunity to hear the details of the situations directly from the patient involved. However the patients account of the intensity of the situation might not suffice (consider attempts to which hold some pacts which he/she assures not respectable or even unnecessary) to effect a reliable conclusion as it might be an evasion. Hence the need for an outline of basic routing questions. The response which provides the required information or leads to further related questions all in defined steps. The ability to remember “which question? And in what other? always posses challenges to both physician and trainees dike.

In the course of clinical appriaitiship there are steps when trainees and student. Fell overwhich by the details of the practice and would need an export to consult the absence to who may hinder the intended exercise. Common diseases or their respective causative factors have basic signs and characters, allow some of which the patience can give account of depending on the presentation and its development stage. The multiplicity of disease obtainable now, renders the human senses insufficient for memory of their accruing characteristics.

The detail of what to do, and in what senses what to expect why and how situations develop, the causative factors, their accompanying signs, respective and relative inferences and management strategies are vital aspects of clinical training, if provided with the above details of a less strenuous effort (as is provided by this system) the clinical will definitely find the exercise very interesting.

The answers to common health discomforts are within the reach of the patient or anybody available, given enough details abort the patience condition. Under such situation, the effusion of the specialist is to be sought only where necessary. Note that this is not an attempt to advolate arbitrary self medication. The intension of this assertion comes shortly.

Medical displarary units as well as affiliated health centres and institutions in remote areas mighty not are blessed with the presence of a qualified specialist. The available health officer, would need a reference and consultation result should they be faced with difficulty or unfamiliar cases and presentations. It is hope that computer aided system for diagnosis can supplement.

Addressing the need of the physicians trend and the patient, as discussed above will make the medical professor less tedium and more efficient, with good health closets to the homes. Hence their project work is one of such attempt.

THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTER AIDED SYSTEM FOR MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ILLNESS A CASE STUDY OF UNTH ENUGU