CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The emergence of street hawking in Nigeria as been so prevalent of which it as now become an eye. Sore situation Education. Education is the best legacy a nation can give to her citizens especially the youth. This is because the development of any nation or community depends largely on the quality of education of such nation. It is generally believed that the basis for any true development must commence with the development of human resources. Much than is said that formal education remains the vehicle for socio-economic, psychological and environmental development of any society. When we come to think of students, they are the ones who learn ideas to become more responsible and productive someday. Students from the rich and the poor, especially those in Egba Odeda High School are affected by myriad of factors. Examples of those factors are socio-economic, psychological and environmental factors. Socio-economic factors are believed to be the common factors affecting student’s academic performance. They have been suffering and socio-economic gap between families (Johnson, 1996), lamented that parents become poor due to those hard measure, such that they can no longer adequately for good education of their children. High level of illiteracy, and poverty and low socio-economic status complied with high rate of paternal and material deprivation of student academic needs, which was necessitated by poor socio-economic situation. Home background according to PISA (Programme International Student Assessment, 2000) influences academic and educational success of students and school work, while socioeconomic status reinforces the activities and functioning of the students. Psychological factors also gives a big impact on student’s performance. One of these is street hawking among students. Danesy and Okediran (2002) elaborated that street hawking among students have psychologically imposed other problems, like sex networking behaviour, juvenile sequent behaviour, which takes much of the school time that necessities the poor academic performance and dropout syndrome among students.
Environment factors also influence academic performance learning environment is one. The learning environment that is free of barriers, or obstacles or distractions such as noise, gas/smoke pollutions and so on can constitute health hazards which in return aect or reduce student’s concentration or perceptive or conceptive focus to learning (Sprinthall, 1987). Goethals (2001) found out that weak students do better when grouped with other weak students. As implied by Zonjonc (1976) that students of their own kind help them to improve their performance. Socerdoke (2001) found out that grades are higher when students have unusually academically strong study partner. The findings of Zimmerman (1991, 2001) where some what contradictory to Goethal results but again is proved that student’s performance depends on number of different factor; it says that the weak peers might reduce the grades of middling or strong students.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
This project aims to determine the effects of hawking on students academic performance in selected junior secondary schools in Odeda Local Government Area of Ogun State. Many factors has been contributed to this effect of street hawking on students academic performance. And some of this factors are: socio-economic factor, psychological factor and environmental factor.
