CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Unemployment is a universal phenomenon which most countries in the world today whether the developed or a developing country have at one time or the other faced.
With the problems of how to cope with the growth of an unemployment rate, high rate of inflation, balance of payment urbanization and the increasing population particularly Nigeria.
There is no doubt that unemployment is a major economic problem which cut across all nation of the world. The extent and consequence of this global phenomenon are known but dealing with them are arduous. To this regard, it has become necessary for the government of this country, corporative bodies and organization in every society. Nigeria inclusive are trying to use both protective and accommodating economic measure to find solutions to these social economics challenges of our time.
Since after independence, Nigeria has been faced with a risk in the high rate of unemployment. This is due to continue increase in the country, population and expansion of the educational system.
Another notable problem is a large number of youth between the age of eighteen (18) and forty (40) years that are found almost everywhere in the country roadside without payful employment.
Economics have fashioned out different economic model to remedy this evil in our society but such policy perspective and measure have not yield the future possibility result.
Unemployment as mention earlier is not just Nigeria affair it is a global problem that is worldwide. This could be attributed to the level of technological advancement.
Generally speaking, unemployment is an economic and social evil which no individual prays to experience. This problem of unemployment which is now experience in Nigeria is a serious social economic problem affecting the lives of the people of Ethiope west L.G.A of delta state, Nigeria.
Unemployment brings about what the economics called “vicious circle of poverty which means a circle of high productivity leading to low per capital information per head”.
In this study, effort is made to look into the causes, effect, and possible solutions to the problems of unemployment in Nigeria most especially in Ehtiope west L.G.A of delta state, Nigeria.
In most cases, the emphasis is on the able bodies’ personnel, hence those who are handicap.
Unemployment has affected sectors of the economy, first agriculture with the increase in mechanization which has put many people out of work, though this can not be said to be true in the case of Ethiope West L.G.A of Delta State, Nigeria in general, as there is little or no evidence of mechanization in its agricultural sector. Then the industry which has been affected by the energy crises since seventies and now the service sector-commerce and education which has previously considered as unassembled.
Through personal observation, the investigator has found out that unemployment in the study area is as a result of low rate of industrialization, wide spread of illiteracy, preference of poor capital formation in addition poor utilization of available resources.
The reasons for this problem can be attributed to the non utilization of the nations resources myopic view of the economic planner from the discussion above, there is no doubt that unemployment in Nigeria have some effect which are identifiable especially in Ehtiope West L.G.A of Delta State, Nigeria. One of such inherence problem is the reduction in national productivity. This output which is the employment could have contributed to the fact that most perishable of all factor of production is labour, once lost. It is lost forever and can never be regained.
This low productivity leads to low standard of living of the citizens. Hence everybody is worried about this problem.
In order to remedy this problem in Nigeria, many developmental plans has been put in place but one ability of such plans has proved to universities. So much have been said about unemployment but finding a lasting solution is difficult, to this regard, the government, cooperative bodies and organization are constantly in search for possible solutions and it is against the promises that the investigator has chosen such courage in Ehtiope west L.G.A of delta state, Nigeria in General.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS.
The Nigerian economy has been faced with serious unemployment problem for years. There is not only an economic problem but it also has a social and economic implication in Nigeria economy as well.
The unemployment of the daily bread provider of the family has serious socials consequences which could lead to an ugly situation of the family. Also in a political setup, it has been cited as one of the major causes for coup as well as social unrest in nation.
Therefore, the essence of the study is to identify that factor responsible for the unemployment in Nigeria most especially in Ehtiope west L.G.A of delta state, and justification for saying that unemployment is caused by the following reasons:
a Illiteracy
b Poor utilization process of available resources.
c Poor capital formation
d Low rate of industrialization in the study area.
Hence, some preferred solutions and recommendation to both policies makers and government on how to attain a stable Gainful employment in Nigeria, most especially in the Ehtiope west L.G.A of delta state, Nigeria.
