THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN RESOURCES POLICIES AND EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN MTN NIGERIA AKWA IBOM STATE
ABSTRACT
Organizations are always searching for talented employees and spend time and money on their employees for future return prospect. Factors like lack of skilled workforce, economic growth and employee turnover demand to devise policies to increase employee retention. The perception that the Telecommunication industry is a business and that the only requirement is financial ability and therefore issues of HRM are things of the past. It has been established that the ability of managers to align themselves well with sound and result oriented HRM practices and make informed decisions depend largely on the level of their HRM capability. However the variables that contribute to better HRM practices remain unexplored especially in our part of the world. This study adopted a five-chapter format. Chapter one known as the introduction covered the background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, relevant research questions, hypotheses, significance of the study, the scope of the study, brief history of MTN and definition of terms. Chapter two covered the reviewed of related literature as well as the theoretical framework on the subject of the study such as effect of employee engagement, job satisfaction, empowerment, training, compensation, performance appraisal, and employee retention. Chapter three known as research methodology covered the design of the study, area of the study, population sample size and sampling technique, data collection instrument, sources of data and procedures for data collection and method of data analysis. Chapter four covered the techniques employed in the analysis, presentation and interpretation of data, while in chapter five the researcher summarized the major findings, draw conclusions and made recommendations and suggested areas for further research.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Organization is facing the challenge of employee retention due to increased competition in the market. It is crucial for organization to hire competent employees to gain a competitive advantage in the market. However, retaining component employee is more important than hiring. Organizations are always searching for talented employees and spend time and money on their employees for future return prospect. Factors like lack of skilled workforce, economic growth and employee turnover demand to devise policies to increase employee retention. It is hard to measure the exact cost associated with employee turnover for organizations.
However, organization facing employee turnover may not bear the cost of this situation in monetary terms only. If we assume that the overall workload remains constant, the short time burden on the remaining employees will increase and will have a negative impact on their motivation. In the long run the organization loses the long time employee that possesses specific knowledge, know-how and skills (Rogers 2003). The cost is reduce the customer loss, productivity loss and business should also be considered (Rogers, 2003). Moreover, the hiring of new employees is associated with additional expenses. These expenses are incurred in the form of advertising, screening, verifying credentials, interviewing and training of new employees etc (Naira, 2009).
Employee retention consists of procedures through which employees are boosted to become part of the organization for a longer period of time until he/she gets retired or until the project gets completed. For achieving individuals as well as organizational goals, it is very much essential to retain talented employees. The human resources manager must known how to attract and keep good employees because these are the employees who can make or break the organization’s goodwill (Rasli, 2014).
Successful employee retention does not rely on a single strategy. The decision of an employee to stay in the organization is effected by a number of factors depending on a variety of elements like the individual’s age, the family situation, monitoring, career and learning opportunities, good benefits, networking and the external job market or job title (Musser, 2001); Simott et al, 2002. (Yusoff et al. 2013). Talented and good employees are asset of an organization. Retaining talented employees is highly important for the long-term growth as well as success of the business (Heathfied. 2005).
Human resource to organization cannot be over-emphasized. Human resource is valued and serves as the backbone of organizations the world over. Employees are a key resource that can be strategically placed for an organization to attain competitive advantage. It is asserted the resources that are rare and valuable create competitive advantage. Also, studies have shown that, organizations increase and sustain competitive advantage through the management of scarce and valuable human resources (Heathfield. 2005). Thus, the success of any organization is dependent on the quality and efficiency of its human resources.
Organization can be said to be open systems that exist for specific goals or purpose. Organizational theories describe organization as social entities that are goal-directed, designed as deliberately structured and coordinated activity system, and are linked to the external environment (Miller, 2006). Most successful organization does not owe their success solely to detailed planning and implementation of impeccable policies and strategies but also to their human resources.
Thus, component human resources can assist organization to achieve the optimum use of other resources, the consistently contribute to effectiveness and continuous improvement of the organization. Competitive organizations worldwide relying on their employees to provide innovative solutions to the problems they might have. Indeed a world where competition is high, and technology, processes and products can be easily duplicated by competitor; employees are the key and most reliable resources that can keep an organization a step ahead of its competitive advantage in many industries and countries. Accordingly, for an organization to thrive and remain competitive, it is important that it attracts and retains human resources. This implies that employee retention play a vital role in the growth of organizations.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN RESOURCES POLICIES AND EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN MTN NIGERIA AKWA IBOM STATE
