TOURISM AND THE ELITES, THE DEMAND PERSPECTIVES CASE STUDY OF UYO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

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ABSTRACT

This paper examined tourism and the elites and indicators for economic development of Uyo. The study investigate history arrivals in the seven elected tourism support services, the demographic characteristics of the sampled population types of employment and distribution and challenges encountered by staff in the tourism support service in the study area. Questionnaire and checklist were the methods used in data collection such that the questionnaires were distributed to staff in the tourism, support services so as to capture the demographic characteristics of the sampled population. The result from data obtained indicates that the tourism and the elites which is a group or class of persons enjoying superior intellectual or social, or economic status. This was also affirmed in the tested hypothesis which shows a significant variation in employment generation between indigenous and non- indigenous in the study area. The finding also indicates the demand perspective needed and challenges which need urgent attention of the tourism support services must function effectively in the study area.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of content

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

Statement of the problem

Aims and objectives

Research questions

Hypothesis

Significance of the study

Limitation of the study

Scope of study

Definition of terms

The study area

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review

Tourism contribution to employment

Tourism contribution to foreign exchange earnings

Tourism contribution to taxation

CHAPTER THREE

Research methodology

Method of the study

CHAPTER FOUR

Data analysis

Method of data collection

Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

Summary of findings

Conclusion

Recommendation

Questionnaire

References

CHAPTER ONE

  1. INTRODUCTION
    1. Background of Study

        In Nigeria today and the work at large, the rate of growth of tourism is proportional to the level of economic development in destination countries. Theimpact of tourism varies continuously. Tourism plays a major role in the socio-economic development in various countries such development includes: job creation, relaxation center, culture promotion.

        The rate of diversification of the economy and policy generation of the federal government of Nigeria has increased with the growth and development of tourist attraction:recently tourism is one of the largest industries, it has contributed to the socio- economic growth of many countries most especially in countries wheretourism is the pivot behind the survival of our economy, world tourismorganization ( W.T.O. 1998: cited in Ejactal, 2012 and Ojo, 2014) considering the fact that industry is a tool for promoting cultural exchange that propagates, international understanding and goodwill among the people of the world in diversity. It is also serve as a catalyst for exchanging many country destinations such as employment opportunities, foreign exchange and infrastructural facilities (ESCAP, 2002, cited in Ejaetal, 2012.

        Take Uyo as a case study: AkwaIbom State is one among the 36 states that is naturally gifted with resources and a lot of development is going on in this part of Nigeria on daily bases, the state has grown in development to become a site for tourist attract, the AkwaIbom e-library AkwaIbom international stadium, AkwaIbom Tropicana, and AkwaIbom plaza to mention but a few. AkwaIbom is richly blessed with good weather conduction with adequate rainfall.

        The Akwa Ibom Tropicana as a tourist center in Uyo for youths and the elderly: the center is made basically for movie seeing at the rate of five hundred naira per movie, this is another revenue for the state government of Akwa Ibom State. This is another center of attraction for consumers especially the youths in Akwa Ibom State. The Akwa Ibom E-library is another site for tourism attraction in Akwa Ibom State, the library is fully equipped with all form of equipment and learning aids such as internet access, good air conditioning, materials and book for study, ICT section for research and other form of education and business. Among all the tourist attraction centers the most visited center is the Akwa Ibom plaza, the Akwa Ibom plaza is more or less a seat out: it is just or platform where all activities can go on such activities include political rally, church programs, and peer group meetings and other activities.

        Tourism is defined as the practice of travelling for pressure especially ones holidays tours, hotel etc. For tourist, also tourism is the sum of the phenomenon and relationship arising from the travel and study of non-residents in so far as they do not lead to permanent residence is not convicted with an earning activity. Tourism is an industry, which is based on the visits made by people within and outside the county for the purpose of relaxation revisiting rest and participation in exciting non- routine activities. The destinations of tourist traffic are usually located outside where the tourists like and work.

        Tourism, people travel outside the normal domicile to other areas within the country on the other hand when people travel to a country on the other that in which they normally like and which is a separated, national unit which its own political and economic system. They are involved in international tourism to determining. The impact of market is seen to include the assessment of consumers demand in the first place and not many satisfying demand as it appears.

Tourism demand is a broad term that cover the factors governing the level of demand, the spatial characteristics of demand, different types of demand and the motives for making such demands. Cooper (2004.76) defines demand as a schedule of the amount of any product or service that people are willing and able to buy at each specific price in a set of possible prices during some specified period of time, individuals called “tourist’ generate tourism demands. This happens in a particular place called a tourism destination. The scale and the magnitude of demand differ with time and sometimes with season. Time demand for tourism services either advances or changes such changes could be due to the emergence of the so called “new tourists (Poon 1994& 1993). These tourists want to experience something new and expect high quality service and value for their money. New tourists bring with them a different level of demand another important issue that has arisen is the increasing significance of tourist seasonality with guard to periods of high and low tourism demand referred to as peak and low seasons respectively.

        Buhalis (2004) identifies three main types of demand namely, actual, suppressed and latent demand. Actual demand also referred to as effective demand, comes from tourists who are involved in the actual process of tourism. The second type of demand is the so-called suppressed demand created by two categories of people who are generally unable to travel due to circumstances categories of people who are generally unable to travel due to circumstance beyond their control.

1.2   Statement of Problem

        The rate of growth of tourist attraction in UyoAkwaIbom State phenomenal, although there are few constraints to the growth and development to economy of Nigeria has a significant effect on the level of patronage by consumers in the sense that; one cannot visit most of these places with financial buoyancy secondly the distance of most of these tourist attraction site are far from most of the consumers the Ibom plaza people from other local government cannot easily navigate their way to this part of Uyo. AkwaIbom state, the transportation route in AkwaIbom State is not well planned despite the good road; this is another issue with the development of tourism in AkwaIbom State. Lastly, continuous rainfall in AkwaIbom especially during the rainy season is a major setback on tourism.

1.3   Aims and Objectives of the Study

        The aims and the objectives of the research work are as follows:

To find the relationship between tourist attraction and the elites.

To find out the effect of the elites and tourism

To find out the factors affecting tourist attraction development in AkwaIbom State.

To find out the roles of tourist attraction development in job creation and employment

To find out the effect of tourism on socio-cultural development and demand perspective.

TOURISM AND THE ELITES, THE DEMAND PERSPECTIVES CASE STUDY OF UYO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA