CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY According to Dwumfuo and Paatey (2011), voting is a method by which groups of people make decisions. These decisions could be political, social or public. Voting can also be used to choose between difficult plans of actions or to decide who is best eligible to be awarded a prize. Voting can thus be defined as a process that allows a group of individuals to choose between a number of options. Most voting systems are based on the concept of majority rule or plurality. Voting systems have evolved from traditional paper-based voting system to electronic voting systems such as Direct-Recording Electronic (DRE) voting systems, pubic network DRE Voting systems, precinct count voting systems and central count voting systems (Dwumfuo and Paatey, 2011). Paper-based Voting Systems (PVS) involves the manual recording, counting and producing a tabulation of vote count from the votes that were casted on a paper card or sheets (Wolf, 2011). Security is vital in any voting system, be it traditional paper based voting system or electronic voting system; this is to avoid any fraud. Security properties such as the authentication, confidentiality, integrity and non-repudiation should be achieved. A student government is a student’s organization in either a university or a college that acts.
