ABSTRACT
The solid base of this project is the effect of street trading on traffic performance and controls: a case study of Offa Town particularly, Owode Market and Oloffa Way.
It comprises of five chapters in which each of the chapters analyzed the view of the project. Chapter one deals with the introduction of the project, the causes and the short comings of street trading, the aim and objectives, statement of the problem, justification, scope of the study and description of the study area. Also include in this chapter the methodology, that is, the methods employed to acquired information and data, Chapter two based on the literature review of the project, the causes and effect of obstruction of traffic flow, which is the effect of parking, street trading and delay on traffic performance, the description of the project areas, past effort made on the problem. Chapter three, this deals with the collection of data, the studies of the behavior of the parties involved, that is, the traders, drivers and pedestrians. Also included the opinions gathered through the questionnaires. Chapter four is totally based on the analysis and designs of data collected. Chapter five presents the conclusion and recommendation suggested for the problems.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
Table of content vi
List of figures
List of tables
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction 1
Statement of the problem 2
Aim and objectives 2
Justification 3
Scope 3
Project area description 3
Description of study area 3
Methodology 3
Primary source 4
Secondary source 4
Presentation of report 4
CHAPTER TWO
Literature 6
Some definition related to traffic engineering 7
Causes of street trading and their short coming 8
Past efforts made on the control of street trading 8
Causes of street trading 8
Short coming of street trading 9
Causes and effects of obstruction of traffic flow 10
Effect of parking on traffic flow 10
Effect of street trading on traffic performance 11
Effect of delay on traffic flow 12
CHAPTER THREE
Date collection 13
Questionnaires 14
Drivers’ characteristic and view 14
Pedestrians’ characteristics and views 14 Traffic wardens’ characteristics and views 15
Street traders’ characteristics and views 15
Pedestrians’ movement studies 16
Traffic volume data 28
Speed data 34
Traffic delay data 41
Roadway capacity 48
CHAPTER FOUR
Data analysis 49
Spot speed analysis 50
Traffic delay analysis 58
Roadway capacity analysis 63
Road width analysis 64
CHAPTER FIVE
Conclusion and recommendation 66
Conclusion 66
Recommendation 67
References 69
Appendix A: Questionnaires for traffic wardens 70
Appendix B: Questionnaires for Pedestrian 71
Appendix C: Questionnaires for Drivers 72
LIST OF PLATE
Plate 3.1:-A, B Owode Market Area 17
Plate 3.2:-A, B street trading at Popo road 18
Plate 3.4:-A, B street trading at Oloffa Way 19
Plate 3.5:- A, B Street trading at GTBank Area 20
LIST OF TABLE
Table 3.1.-3.14: Average Journey Time For Pedestrian 21-28
Table 3.2.1-3.2.12: Traffic Volume Studies 29-34
Table 3.3.1-3.3.6: Spot Speed Studies 35-40
Table 3.4.1-3.4.6: Traffic Delay Studies 42-47
Table 4.1-4.6: Spot Speed Data Analysis 49-58
Table 3.5.1-3.5.5: Delay Data Analysis 59-63
Table 4.1: Road Capacity Analysis 64
Table 4.5.1-4.1.2: Road Width Analysis 65
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
Traffic performance under normal flow is affected by many conditions which include delay, when the traffic is impeded by some external factors, traffic demands on the capacity for the road, weather, Peak and off Peak period factor. +
With these conditions, it is mostly or usually a great problem for a smooth flow of traffic or traffic performance, because delay which is being caused by other vehicles on the road constitutes traffic congestion on its own. So, also is the problem of traffic, because with a bad weather like, hay, rainfall etc. Traffic is bound to be slow and also constituting to traffic congestion. The peak and off peak factor influences traffic flow, usually high at peak periods, because demand increases and becoming normalized at off peak periods, most especially the major roads. There is also, the problem of street trading which contribute to the problems of traffic performance (congestion).
Street trading means selling, exposing or offering for sale of any article on a street.
Also, street trading is an unauthorized act of carrying out trading activities on the open street, display stand, selling or offering of goods or any kind of services whatsoever, operating both sales and market stall that encroached on any public road. According to Cross J., (2000) (052 Glo.Adv. Res.J.Manager. Bus.stud)
“Street” includes any road, footway or other area to which the public has access without payment.
Through street trading, a long established element of the populace was been repressed before, by harassment and prosecution by law enforcement agents, but of recent, it has flourished as it is allowed to operate, which is closely linked or connected to the process of urbanization and the unstable economic situation, used to be in a specified format in the olden days with the traders coming to the urban areas to sell their farm product from the rural areas on stipulated days. But, these days, the traders had established themselves around the key transportation modes and other sides of economics and social activities.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Street trading has impeded easy movement and deteriorates traffic performance. This trading and other activity has led to a drastic reduction in the design width for traffic movement which is causing unprecedented traffic congestion on our roads. Besides this effect, other areas affected were assessed.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
Aim of this project is to explore effect of street trading on traffic performance and controls: a case study of Offa Town.
Objectives of this project are:
- Inventory of traders and trading in Owode market area of Offa Town, Kwara State.
- Inventory of traders and trading along Oloffa Way, Offa, Kwara State
- To evaluate the effects of the street traders on traffic movement
- To increase the pedestrians safety within the study areas.
- Once those above listed aim and objectives can be achieved, there will be ease on traffic performance.
