ABSTRACT
Using standard method of analysis, Cr (T. fuscatus: 09.40mg/kg; L. littorea: 7.40 mg/kg), Cu (T. fuscatus: 0.66 mg/kg; L. littorea: 0.49 mg/kg), Cd (T. fuscatus: 0.34mg/kg; L. littorea: 0.51 mg/kg), recorded higher in concentration. These was attributed to the affinity these organism had for the trace elements. Absence of Ni was attributed to absence of Ni – generating material or source close to the study site. Heavy metal load in both samples was not alarming amidst pollution activities experienced in the site.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENTS PAGE
Title Page – – – – – – – – i
Certification – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledgements – – – – – – iv
Abstract – – – – – – – v
Table of Contents – – – – – – – vi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION – – – 1
1.1 Background of the study – – – – – 1
1.2 Aim and Objectives of the Study – – – 3
1.3 Scope and Limitation – – – – – 4
1.4 Definition of Terms – – – – – 4
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW – – 7
2.1 Morphology of T. fuscatus, Littorina litorea. – – 7
2.2 Ecology of Tympanotonus fuscatus and
Littorina litorea – – – – – – 8
2.2.1 Life Cycle – – – – – – – 8
2.2.2 Feeding Habit – – – – – – 9
2.2.3 Habitat – – – – – – – 10
2.2.4 Growth Rate – – – – – – – 11
2.2.5 Parasites – – – – – – – 11
2.2.6 Mortality – – – – – – – 12
2.3 Biological Importance of Tympanotonus fuscatus
and Littorina litorea – – – – – 13
2.4 Heavy Metals – – – – – – 14
2.5.1 Copper (Cu) – – – – – – – 14
2.5.2 Zinc (Zn) – – – – – – – 15
2.5.3 Nickel (Ni) – – – – – – – 17
2.5.4 Iron (Fe) – – – – – – – 19
2.5.5 Cadmium (Cd) – – – – – – 21
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS – 22
3.1 Materials – – – – – – – 22
3.2 Study Area – – – – – – – 22
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION – 25
4.1 Results – – – – – – – 25
4.2 Discussion – – – – – – – 27
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION – – – – – – 32
5.1 Conclusion – – – – – – – 32
5.2 Recommendation – – – – – – 33
References
