CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE CHALLENGE OF FOOD SECURITY IN BEKWARRA1990-2017: ISSUES AND PROSPECTS

ABSTRACT

Food security components namely food availability, food accessibility, food utilization and food system stability is threatened today by climate change. Agriculture provides the food people eat and serves as a source of livelihood for 36 percent of the world’s total workforce. The impact of climate change is felt in global food markets with rural and urban centers experiencing increase in food prices, weakening livelihood opportunities and threat to human health due to poor dieting. The research is based on historical method of collection, analysis and interpretation of facts. This is enhanced by the use of both primary (oral) source and secondary source. Africa is noticed to be warming faster and it depends on rain fed agriculture as its single economic power but with low technical power and limited capacity to adapt. The rapid decline in food security capacity of both urban and rural dwellers is blamed on climate change. The need for the inclusion of food security concern of national policy choice becomes eminent. Also, the adoption of adaption and mitigation strategies as tools for curbing the challenge is imperative.   

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE       –        –        –        –        –        –        –        i        

CERTIFICATION –       –        –        –        –        –        –        ii

DEDICATION     –        –        –        –        –        –        –        iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS     –        –        –        –        –        iv

ABSTRACT        –        –        –        –        –        –        –        viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS        –        –        –        –        –        –        ix

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background to the Study        –        –        –        –        –        1

1.2     Statement of the Problem        –        –        –        –        –        4

1.3     Objectives of the Study  –        –        –        –        –        5

1.4     Significance of the Study         –        –        –        –        –        6

1.5     Scope of the work          –        –        –        –        –        –        6

1.6     Research Methodology  –        –        –        –        –        7

1.7     Theoretical Framework –        –        –        –        –        8

1.8     Literature Review –        –        –        –        –        –        15

1.9     Conceptual Clarification                   –        –        –        –        36

          Endnotes

CHAPTER TWO:        HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF BEKWARRA PEOPLE

2.1     Introduction         –         –        –        –        –        –        46

2.2     Geographical Location   –        –        –        –        –        47

2.3     Origin and Migration of the Bekwarra       people-      –        52

2.4     The socio-cultural structure of the Bekwarra people     61

2.5     Economic activities of the Bekwarra people        –        –        81

2.6     Religious Practices of the Bekwarra people         –        –        88

2.7     Political institution in Bekwarra tradition –        –        95

          Endnotes

CHAPTER THREE: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN

                             BEKWARRA

3.1     Introduction                   –        –        –        –        –        –        105

3.2     The Nature of Agricultural Production in Bekwarra:

          A Brief Overview –        –        –        –        –        –        107

3.3     Food Production in Bekwarra before the 90s       –        –        113

3.4     Trending issues in food production in Bekwarra

          From 1990-2017  –        –        –        –        –        –        118   

          Endnotes

CHAPTER FOUR: CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACTS

                             ON FOOD SECURITY IN BEKWARRA

4.1     Introduction         –        –        –        –        –        –        130

4.2     Causes of Climate Change       –        –        –        –        132

4.3      Evidence of climate change in Bekwarra   –        –        139

4.4     Effects of climate change on food security in

          Bekwarra    –        –        –        –        –        –        –        146

4.5     The Transposability of climate change impacts on

food security to prospectEndnotes   –        –        –        154

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND

                             RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1     Summary    –        –        –        –        –        –        –        169

5.2     Conclusion –        –        –        –        –        –        –        171

5.3     Recommendations         –        –        –        –        –        –        173

          BIBLIOGRAPHY

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