Abstract:
This project focuses on the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a cassava pelletizing machine. The primary objective of this machine is to transform cassava mash into cylindrical pellets measuring approximately 2-3cm in length and 9mm in diameter. The core components of this machine include a stainless steel hopper, a cylindrical barrel, an auger conveyor, and a circular die plate.
The hopper, fashioned from a 1mm thick stainless steel sheet, is meticulously constructed and joined through electric arc welding. The barrel is a hollow cylindrical shaft, securely attached at its base to the fabricated hopper. This integration ensures that the base of the hopper aligns with an opening at one end of the barrel, while the other end is affixed to a perforated die plate.
The auger conveyor, a crucial component, is intricately crafted by wrapping a 20mm rod around a shaft and welding it with honcon electrodes. A helical auger is affixed to this shaft, which is supported by bearings, enabling it to rotate smoothly within the stationary cylindrical barrel. Cassava mash is introduced into the auger through the barrel’s inlet gate. As the auger turns, it conveys the mash towards the die, simultaneously building pressure for extrusion. The rotational force of the auger forces the mash through the perforations in the die, compressing it into the desired pellet shape.
To assess the machine’s performance, experiments were conducted. These experiments included a comparison of moisture content between the pellets and the raw cassava mash using the oven method. Additionally, the production rate and efficiency of the machine were determined. The experimental results revealed that the pellets had a moisture content of 16.49% (dry basis), while the cassava mash had a moisture content of 75.20% (dry basis). These findings underscore the durability advantage of pellets, as high moisture content tends to accelerate the decay of cassava mash, emphasizing the importance of pelletization.
Furthermore, the production rate of the machine was measured at 63.86g/min, and its efficiency was calculated to be 81.27%. While the machine’s performance is deemed satisfactory, recommendations for improvement include the introduction of a force-feed mechanism to prevent caking of the mash, especially when handling large quantities. Additionally, measures should be taken to minimize noise levels during operation.
DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A CASSAVA PELLETIZING MACHINE, GET MORE, ACTUARIAL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS
