BUDGETS, BUDGETARY CONTROLS AND ITS LINK TO THE PERFORMANCE OF AN ORGANIZATION
ABSTRACT
Every organization doing exceedingly well on the face of the earth rely heavily on budgets, and budgetary control measures to improve performance, through adequate resource allocation. Budget and Budgetary control, both at management and operational level looks at the future and lays down what has to be achieved. Control checks whether or not the plans are realized, and puts into effect corrective measures where deviation or shortfall is occurring.
This study identifies the link between budget and budgetary control and performance of the selected organization in Ghana, as considered in this study, being a sample of the entire population of the organizations in Ghana.
The sources of data for the research were both primary and secondary sources. Census technique was used for the study instead of a sampling technique. Questionnaires and interviews were used as the data collection methods for the study. Based on the analysis, internal control system was seen to be significant in detection and prevention of fraud in banks in Ghana, hence the need for an effective and adequate internal control system. Data captured in this study, was analyzed through descriptive method. Quantitative technique was also used to analyze the response of the respondents as well as a computer program known as SPSS. The descriptive analysis involves the use of percentage, tabulations, and graphical presentation.
Findings from this study reveal that budgets and budgetary controls are factors that can influence the performance of an organization, as they have a very mutual relationship. Concerning how budgets are linked to performance, budgets and budgetary controls mainly form and give every organization the structural support to achieve its goals and objectives, and maximising performance, through resource allocation and control.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Following the uncertainties prevailing in the Ghanaian business environment today, managers and stakeholders must be poised and prepared to compete favourably under these rapidly shifting conditions. In order to survive under these environmental complexities and vagueness managers and stakeholders of both private and public sectors need sharp tools, proven management techniques to forecast the major changes which are likely to affect the business while they choose future direction and dimension of resources needed to attain selected goals.
Budgetary control as a proven management tool helps organization management, and enhances improved performance of any economy in different ways. Its primary function is to serve as a guide in financial planning operators; it also establishes limits for departmental excesses. It helps administrative officials to make careful analysis of all existing operations, thereby justifying expanding, eliminating or restricting present practice. Budgeting and control entails a distinct pattern of decisions in an organization which is capable of determining its objectives, purposes or goals, and how these goals are achieved by establishing principal policies and plans. However, the inability to recognize the problem concerned and fixing a boundary off investigation creates an obstacle for the successful implementation of budgeting and control. Some organizations only look for narrow ranges of alternatives which they arrive at from their past expenses and present situation, other management levels even avoid long-term planning and budgeting in favour of today’s problems thereby making the problems of tomorrow more severe. The foregoing reflects on the need for organizations to set up a formal mechanism for scanning its environment for opportunities and give early signs of future problems, this course of action will improve the system of budgeting and control, resulting in an appropriate expectation of improved performance, in the manufacturing sector as seen in this study.
1.1Â BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY AND PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION
