CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Academic achievement refers to how students deal with their studies and how they cope with or accomplish different tasks given to them by their teachers (Fantuzz, 1991). Academic achievement is the ability to study and remember facts and being able to communicate the facts and knowledge verbally or in writing (Grych, Seid, & Fincham, 1992) .The academic achievement of students may negatively correlate with the low parental socio-economic status level as it may prevent the individual in gaining access to sources and resources of learning (Duke, 2000 & Eamon, 2005). Flegm (2005) reports that in educational institutions, success is measured by academic achievement or how well a student meets the standards set by the institution.
Conflicts occur in all human societies but, it occurs in various degrees, marital conflict is that situation between man and woman (Drennan and Rhode ,2010).This is where husband and wife have different opinion about issues, events or activities which cannot be mutually resolved. Marital conflict usually arises mostly due to lack of understanding between the man and the woman. This comes in different ways such as difference in education and social backgrounds, physical maintenance, love making, extra marital affairs.
Researchers found that the way in which children understood the conflicts between their parents had different effects on their emotional and behavioural problems(Erel & Burman, 1995). Where children blamed themselves for the conflicts between their parents, they were more likely to have behavioural problems, such as anti-social behaviour (Harold, 2005). But if their parents’ fighting or arguing led to a child feeling threatened, or fearful that the family would split up, the child was more likely to experience emotional problems, such as depression (Ajila ,2000). The impact of everyday conflict between parents on their children’s behaviour and mental health is driven by how the children understand the problems in the relationship as well as the nature of the conflict itself, the researchers found (Erel & Burman, 1995). These disagreements include; hostile relationships between parents, poor parenting practices, negative parent-child relationships and maternal depression. Disagreement in marriages will inevitably arise, but it is the way the parents choose to respond o the discord that can create a positive or negative impact on the child (Erel & Burman, 1995).
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INFLUENCE OF MARITAL CONFLICT AND PARENTAL OCCUPATION ON CHILD ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
